Johannes-Alexander Müller studied Political Science at the University of Vienna and subsequently completed the Masters in Terrorism and Political Violence at The Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence (CSTPV) at the University of St Andrews. He then proceeded to pursue his doctoral studies with the School of International Relations at the University of St Andrews, where he undertook a critical assessment of the role of the United Nations and its efforts to tackle terrorism from the 1970s until today. His current research interest focuses on the nexus between climate change, resources scarcity and armed non-state actors (Climate conflict).

Since 2017, Johannes-Alexander Müller works at OceanCare on matters relating to international environmental governance with a specific focus on processes within multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) and the United Nations, including efforts on an international legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ-Instrument). His focus has been on addressing the importance of monitoring and mitigating the impacts of underwater noise, also in the context of climate change, and on advocating for the need to adequately implement existing environmental obligations.